File #2603: "2019_Book_ThePluralPracticeOfAdoptionInP.pdf"
Testo
1|Foreword|6
1|Acknowledgements|8
1|Contents|9
1|Author Biographies|10
1|Chapter 1: Introduction|14
2|1.1 The Context of Adoption in Pacific Islands|14
2|1.2 The Formal Laws Which Govern Adoption|19
2|References|25
1|Chapter 2: Adoption in Fiji|27
2|2.1 Introduction|27
2|2.2 State and Non-state Adoption Agencies|30
2|2.3 Customary Adoption|32
2|2.4 The Legal Framework|35
2|2.5 Substantive Requirements for Making an Adoption Order Under the Adoption of Infants Act|39
3|2.5.1 Age Requirement|39
3|2.5.2 Who Can Adopt|39
3|2.5.3 Residency Requirement|40
3|2.5.4 Consent|43
3|2.5.5 Effect and Revocation of Adoption Order|45
2|2.6 Adoption Practice and Procedure|46
3|2.6.1 Principles|46
3|2.6.2 Procedure|48
3|2.6.3 Referral of Newborn Infants from Hospital|48
3|2.6.4 Procedure for Persons Intending to Adopt|49
3|2.6.5 Foster Arrangements|50
2|2.7 Intercountry Adoption Procedure|50
2|2.8 Looking Forward|51
2|References|52
1|Chapter 3: Adoption in Nauru|54
2|3.1 Introduction|54
2|3.2 The People and Geography|55
2|3.3 The Three Arms of Government|58
2|3.4 The Legal Framework|59
3|3.4.1 International Law|59
3|3.4.2 Legislation|61
3|3.4.3 Customary Law and Adoption|65
2|3.5 Adoption Practice and Procedure|70
2|3.6 Looking Ahead|74
2|References|76
1|Chapter 4: The Law of Adoption in Papua New Guinea|78
2|4.1 Introduction|78
2|4.2 Background|79
2|4.3 State and Non-State Agencies Involved with Adoptions, Fostering and Orphans|80
3|4.3.1 Office of Child and Family Services|80
3|4.3.2 Director of Child and Family Services|81
3|4.3.3 National Court|81
3|4.3.4 District Court|82
3|4.3.5 Registration of Adoption: Registrar General of Civil and Identity Registration|82
3|4.3.6 Data on Adoption|82
2|4.4 The Legal Framework|84
3|4.4.1 International Legal Framework|84
3|4.4.2 Domestic Legal Framework|87
4|4.4.2.1 Adoption of Children Act 1968|87
5|Who Can Be Adopted?|88
5|Who Is Eligible to Adopt?|88
5|What Is the Procedure for Adoption?|89
5|Key Considerations for a Successful Adoption|91
5|Recognition of Customary Adoptions|91
5|Status of an Adopted Child|92
4|4.4.2.2 Adoption and the Civil Registration Act 1963|93
4|4.4.2.3 Adoption and the Lukautim Pikinini Act 2015|94
2|4.5 Adoption Under Customary Law|94
2|4.6 Current Developments|95
2|4.7 Conclusion|96
2|References|96
1|Chapter 5: Plural Procedures for Adoption and `Vae Tama´ in Samoa|98
2|5.1 Introduction|98
2|5.2 Background to Samoa and Its People|99
2|5.3 The Legal Framework of Adoption|100
3|5.3.1 The State Legal System|100
3|5.3.2 State Adoption Laws|102
3|5.3.3 Customary Laws|105
3|5.3.4 Case Study|107
2|5.4 The Administrative Framework of Adoption|107
3|5.4.1 The State Administrative Framework|107
3|5.4.2 Customary Forums|110
2|5.5 Adoption and Vae Tama in the Land and Titles Court|111
2|5.6 Adoption Practice|113
2|5.7 Looking Forward|114
2|5.8 Conclusion|115
2|References|116
1|Chapter 6: Adoption in Solomon Islands|118
2|6.1 Introduction|118
2|6.2 The Legal System|119
2|6.3 Law on Adoption|121
3|6.3.1 Customary Laws|121
3|6.3.2 State Law|123
3|6.3.3 International Law|130
2|6.4 Adoption Practice and Procedure|132
2|6.5 Looking Forward|134
2|6.6 Conclusion|137
2|References|138
1|Chapter 7: Adoption in Tonga|140
2|7.1 Introduction|140
2|7.2 The Law on Adoption|144
3|7.2.1 Illegitimate Children|144
3|7.2.2 Customary Adoption|147
4|7.2.2.1 Before 1875: Informal or Customary Adoption as a Political Tool|147
4|7.2.2.2 After 1875: Informal Adoption or Customary Adoption|148
2|7.3 Issues with the `Best Interest of the Child´ Factor That Need Clarification|150
2|7.4 Discrimination Issues with Adopted Children|153
2|7.5 Support Services to the Court|154
2|7.6 Looking Forward|154
2|References|155
1|Chapter 8: The Law on Adoption in Vanuatu|157
2|8.1 Introduction|157
2|8.2 The Legal Framework|159
3|8.2.1 Overview|159
3|8.2.2 Formal Adoption Laws|160
3|8.2.3 Customary Laws|165
2|8.3 Adoption Practice and Procedure|167
3|8.3.1 State Practice and Procedure|167
3|8.3.2 Customary Practice and Procedure|170
3|8.3.3 The Relationship Between State and Customary Adoptions|175
2|8.4 Looking Forward|176
2|References|178
1|Acknowledgements|8
1|Contents|9
1|Author Biographies|10
1|Chapter 1: Introduction|14
2|1.1 The Context of Adoption in Pacific Islands|14
2|1.2 The Formal Laws Which Govern Adoption|19
2|References|25
1|Chapter 2: Adoption in Fiji|27
2|2.1 Introduction|27
2|2.2 State and Non-state Adoption Agencies|30
2|2.3 Customary Adoption|32
2|2.4 The Legal Framework|35
2|2.5 Substantive Requirements for Making an Adoption Order Under the Adoption of Infants Act|39
3|2.5.1 Age Requirement|39
3|2.5.2 Who Can Adopt|39
3|2.5.3 Residency Requirement|40
3|2.5.4 Consent|43
3|2.5.5 Effect and Revocation of Adoption Order|45
2|2.6 Adoption Practice and Procedure|46
3|2.6.1 Principles|46
3|2.6.2 Procedure|48
3|2.6.3 Referral of Newborn Infants from Hospital|48
3|2.6.4 Procedure for Persons Intending to Adopt|49
3|2.6.5 Foster Arrangements|50
2|2.7 Intercountry Adoption Procedure|50
2|2.8 Looking Forward|51
2|References|52
1|Chapter 3: Adoption in Nauru|54
2|3.1 Introduction|54
2|3.2 The People and Geography|55
2|3.3 The Three Arms of Government|58
2|3.4 The Legal Framework|59
3|3.4.1 International Law|59
3|3.4.2 Legislation|61
3|3.4.3 Customary Law and Adoption|65
2|3.5 Adoption Practice and Procedure|70
2|3.6 Looking Ahead|74
2|References|76
1|Chapter 4: The Law of Adoption in Papua New Guinea|78
2|4.1 Introduction|78
2|4.2 Background|79
2|4.3 State and Non-State Agencies Involved with Adoptions, Fostering and Orphans|80
3|4.3.1 Office of Child and Family Services|80
3|4.3.2 Director of Child and Family Services|81
3|4.3.3 National Court|81
3|4.3.4 District Court|82
3|4.3.5 Registration of Adoption: Registrar General of Civil and Identity Registration|82
3|4.3.6 Data on Adoption|82
2|4.4 The Legal Framework|84
3|4.4.1 International Legal Framework|84
3|4.4.2 Domestic Legal Framework|87
4|4.4.2.1 Adoption of Children Act 1968|87
5|Who Can Be Adopted?|88
5|Who Is Eligible to Adopt?|88
5|What Is the Procedure for Adoption?|89
5|Key Considerations for a Successful Adoption|91
5|Recognition of Customary Adoptions|91
5|Status of an Adopted Child|92
4|4.4.2.2 Adoption and the Civil Registration Act 1963|93
4|4.4.2.3 Adoption and the Lukautim Pikinini Act 2015|94
2|4.5 Adoption Under Customary Law|94
2|4.6 Current Developments|95
2|4.7 Conclusion|96
2|References|96
1|Chapter 5: Plural Procedures for Adoption and `Vae Tama´ in Samoa|98
2|5.1 Introduction|98
2|5.2 Background to Samoa and Its People|99
2|5.3 The Legal Framework of Adoption|100
3|5.3.1 The State Legal System|100
3|5.3.2 State Adoption Laws|102
3|5.3.3 Customary Laws|105
3|5.3.4 Case Study|107
2|5.4 The Administrative Framework of Adoption|107
3|5.4.1 The State Administrative Framework|107
3|5.4.2 Customary Forums|110
2|5.5 Adoption and Vae Tama in the Land and Titles Court|111
2|5.6 Adoption Practice|113
2|5.7 Looking Forward|114
2|5.8 Conclusion|115
2|References|116
1|Chapter 6: Adoption in Solomon Islands|118
2|6.1 Introduction|118
2|6.2 The Legal System|119
2|6.3 Law on Adoption|121
3|6.3.1 Customary Laws|121
3|6.3.2 State Law|123
3|6.3.3 International Law|130
2|6.4 Adoption Practice and Procedure|132
2|6.5 Looking Forward|134
2|6.6 Conclusion|137
2|References|138
1|Chapter 7: Adoption in Tonga|140
2|7.1 Introduction|140
2|7.2 The Law on Adoption|144
3|7.2.1 Illegitimate Children|144
3|7.2.2 Customary Adoption|147
4|7.2.2.1 Before 1875: Informal or Customary Adoption as a Political Tool|147
4|7.2.2.2 After 1875: Informal Adoption or Customary Adoption|148
2|7.3 Issues with the `Best Interest of the Child´ Factor That Need Clarification|150
2|7.4 Discrimination Issues with Adopted Children|153
2|7.5 Support Services to the Court|154
2|7.6 Looking Forward|154
2|References|155
1|Chapter 8: The Law on Adoption in Vanuatu|157
2|8.1 Introduction|157
2|8.2 The Legal Framework|159
3|8.2.1 Overview|159
3|8.2.2 Formal Adoption Laws|160
3|8.2.3 Customary Laws|165
2|8.3 Adoption Practice and Procedure|167
3|8.3.1 State Practice and Procedure|167
3|8.3.2 Customary Practice and Procedure|170
3|8.3.3 The Relationship Between State and Customary Adoptions|175
2|8.4 Looking Forward|176
2|References|178