File #2811: "2020_Book_RebuildingTheStateInstitutions.pdf"
Text
1|Foreword|5
1|Acknowledgements|8
1|Contents|9
1|Contributors|11
1|Abbreviations|13
1|1 Introduction: Understanding the Lack of Rule of Law in Mexico|17
2|1.1 The Complex Development of the Rule of Law|17
2|1.2 Understanding the Proposal of Rebuilding the State Institutions – An Overview|22
2|References|30
1|The Concept of Rule of Law and Its Measurement|32
1|2 Conceptualizing the Rule of Law|33
2|Abstract|33
2|2.1 Introduction|34
2|2.2 What is Not the Rule of Law?|35
3|2.2.1 Rule of Law, Not of Men|35
3|2.2.2 Equality Before the Law, Not Special Interest Law|36
2|2.3 What Is the Rule of Law? Contesting Definitions of the Concept|38
3|2.3.1 Rule of Law, Rule by Law, and Formal Legality|39
3|2.3.2 Rule of Law, Legal Behavior, and Institutional Equilibrium|41
3|2.3.3 Rule of Law, Judicial Independence, and the System of Checks and Balances|43
3|2.3.4 Rule of Law, Democracy, and Individual Rights|45
2|2.4 Conclusions|47
2|References|48
1|3 Rule of Law and “Estado Constitucional” Indicators. Does Law Rule Effectively in Mexico?|53
2|Abstract|53
2|3.1 Introduction: From Traditional Legalism to the Rule of Law in Mexico|54
2|3.2 Human Rights Compliance Indicators|55
2|3.3 Administrative Justice Indicators|60
2|3.4 Formulas for Indicators in Criminal Matters Against Corruption|62
2|3.5 Prospective|64
2|3.6 Conclusion|68
2|References|68
1|4 Measuring the Rule of Law in Mexico|70
2|Abstract|70
2|4.1 Introduction|71
2|4.2 The Rule of Law|72
2|4.3 Measuring the Rule of Law|74
2|4.4 Adjusting WJP’s Definition and Measurement Approach for the Mexico States Rule of Law Index|77
2|4.5 Results|82
2|4.6 Conclusion|89
2|References|89
1|Explaining the Fragility of the Rule of Law in Mexico|91
1|5 How Many Constitutional Reforms Produce Rule of Law?|92
2|Abstract|92
2|5.1 Introduction|93
2|5.2 An Institutional Approach to the Role of the Constitution|95
2|5.3 The Distinctiveness of the Mexican Constitution|97
2|5.4 The Dynamics of the Constitutional Reform|101
2|5.5 Constitutional Change as Hyper-Reformism and Rule of Law Deficit|108
2|5.6 Conclusion|114
2|References|115
1|6 Security|117
2|Abstract|117
2|6.1 Security|118
2|6.2 Security in Mexico|119
2|6.3 Insecurity and the Rule of Law|121
3|6.3.1 Democratization|123
3|6.3.2 War on Drugs|125
2|6.4 Fiscal Disconnect|126
2|6.5 Improving Security and the Rule of Law|128
2|References|130
1|7 Human Rights and Unreliable Institutions in a Globalized World: The Case of Irregular Migrants in Mexico|133
2|Abstract|133
2|7.1 Sovereignty and Globalization: Zero-sum or Complementary?|134
2|7.2 Sovereignty and Rule of Law in an Interconnected World|136
2|7.3 Irregular Migration: The Last Bastion of State Sovereignty|137
2|7.4 Human Rights in Mexico: Between Innovation and Contradiction|139
2|7.5 Migrants in Transit Through Mexico|143
2|7.6 Asking for Directions: A Move Towards Migration Governance at the Local and Global Level|146
2|References|148
1|8 Amparo and Administrative Trials as Accountability Mechanisms in Mexico|151
2|Abstract|151
2|8.1 Introduction|151
2|8.2 Rule of Law|152
2|8.3 Accountability|153
2|8.4 Constitutional and Administrative Courts as Accountability Mechanisms|154
3|8.4.1 Administrative Courts as Accountability Mechanisms|156
3|8.4.2 Weakness and Challenges|158
3|8.4.3 The Amparo Trial as an Accountability Mechanism|159
3|8.4.4 Weakness and Challenges|161
2|8.5 Final Thoughts|162
2|References|163
1|9 Citizenry, Civic Education and Rule of Law|165
2|Abstract|165
2|9.1 Introduction|165
2|9.2 Citizenry, Rule of Law and the Principle of Fairness|167
3|9.2.1 How People Participate in Public Affairs and Cooperate in Community Life in Mexico|167
3|9.2.2 The Extent of the Principle of Fairness|170
3|9.2.3 Citizenry, Democratic Life and the Principle of Fairness|172
2|9.3 A Starting Point: Strengthen Civic Education Policy|175
2|References|181
1|10 The Challenge of Developing a New Human Rights Culture in Future Mexican Lawyers|184
2|Abstract|184
2|10.1 Introduction|184
2|10.2 Legal Education and Human Rights Culture|185
3|10.2.1 The Uncontrolled Growth of the Number of Law Schools and Their Quality|185
3|10.2.2 Teaching Law and Human Rights in Mexico|187
2|10.3 The 2011 Constitutional Amendment on Human Rights|188
3|10.3.1 The New Supremacy Clause|188
3|10.3.2 Constitutional and Conventional Review|189
3|10.3.3 Pro Persona Principle|190
2|10.4 The Challenges of Human Rights Teaching|192
3|10.4.1 From Theoretical to Practical Teaching of Human Rights|192
3|10.4.2 The Use of Different Sources of Human Rights|193
3|10.4.3 The False Dichotomy between Constitutional and International Human Rights Law|195
3|10.4.4 Encapsulation of Human Rights in the Law Degree Program|196
2|10.5 Conclusion|197
2|References|197
2|Case Law|199
1|Structural Reforms and Their Implementation Challenges|200
1|11 How Does Criminal Justice Work in Mexico?|201
2|Abstract|201
2|11.1 Context|202
2|11.2 Rule of Law and Criminal Justice System|202
2|11.3 Criminal Justice Reform: From Implementation to the Consolidation of the Criminal Justice System|204
2|11.4 How Does the Criminal Justice System in Mexico Work Today?|205
3|11.4.1 Public Policy|205
3|11.4.2 Institutional Capacities|207
3|11.4.3 Results of the Operation|209
2|11.5 Conclusions|213
2|References|213
1|12 The Monster Within: Mexico’s Anti-corruption National System|215
2|Abstract|215
2|12.1 Introduction|216
2|12.2 Nursing the Beast: Mexican Political Institutions|218
2|12.3 The System That Never Was|222
2|12.4 Final Remarks|228
2|References|229
1|13 Institutional Path Dependence in the Failure of the “War on Drugs” in Mexico|231
2|Abstract|231
2|13.1 The Informal Institutionalization of the Cacique Intermediaries|232
2|13.2 The Negotiation of the Law Through Intermediaries as a Path-Dependent Dynamic for Drug Regulation|234
2|13.3 The Flimsy Rule of Law and “Substances that Degenerate the Race”|237
2|13.4 Traffic to the United States and the Sale of Local Protections|240
2|13.5 The loss of Territorial Control by the State and the Increase in Violence|242
2|13.6 Conclusion|246
2|References|246
1|14 Reversal of Fortunes: Changes in the Public Policy Environment and Mexico’s Energy Reform|248
2|Abstract|248
2|14.1 Introduction|249
2|14.2 Theoretical Musings|251
2|14.3 The Objective of This Chapter|252
2|14.4 Case Study: Energy Reform|253
2|14.5 Domestic and International Factors of Change in the Public Policy Environment in Mexico|256
2|14.6 Winds of Change: Domestic Challenges to Energy Reform|257
3|14.6.1 The End of the Policy Consensus and Persistent Poverty and Inequality in Mexico|257
3|14.6.2 The End of the Policy Consensus and Corruption in Mexico|259
3|14.6.3 The End of the Policy Consensus: Organized Crime|261
2|14.7 Change in the International Environment|265
2|14.8 Conclusion|267
2|References|269
1|15 The Rule of Law in Economic Competition|271
2|Abstract|271
2|15.1 Introduction|271
2|15.2 Competition Law in Mexico: 1992–2013|273
3|15.2.1 The Reception of Competition Law|273
3|15.2.2 Legislative Reforms of 2006|276
3|15.2.3 Legislative Reforms of 2011|277
2|15.3 Structural Reforms in Economic Competition|279
3|15.3.1 Institutional Design|279
3|15.3.2 Scope of Powers|281
3|15.3.3 Specialization of Jurisdictional Bodies in Economic Competition|282
2|15.4 Conclusions|283
2|References|284
1|Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP)|287
2|Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP)|288
1|About the Editor|288
1|About the Co-Editor|290
1|About the Contributors|291
1|Index|296
1|Acknowledgements|8
1|Contents|9
1|Contributors|11
1|Abbreviations|13
1|1 Introduction: Understanding the Lack of Rule of Law in Mexico|17
2|1.1 The Complex Development of the Rule of Law|17
2|1.2 Understanding the Proposal of Rebuilding the State Institutions – An Overview|22
2|References|30
1|The Concept of Rule of Law and Its Measurement|32
1|2 Conceptualizing the Rule of Law|33
2|Abstract|33
2|2.1 Introduction|34
2|2.2 What is Not the Rule of Law?|35
3|2.2.1 Rule of Law, Not of Men|35
3|2.2.2 Equality Before the Law, Not Special Interest Law|36
2|2.3 What Is the Rule of Law? Contesting Definitions of the Concept|38
3|2.3.1 Rule of Law, Rule by Law, and Formal Legality|39
3|2.3.2 Rule of Law, Legal Behavior, and Institutional Equilibrium|41
3|2.3.3 Rule of Law, Judicial Independence, and the System of Checks and Balances|43
3|2.3.4 Rule of Law, Democracy, and Individual Rights|45
2|2.4 Conclusions|47
2|References|48
1|3 Rule of Law and “Estado Constitucional” Indicators. Does Law Rule Effectively in Mexico?|53
2|Abstract|53
2|3.1 Introduction: From Traditional Legalism to the Rule of Law in Mexico|54
2|3.2 Human Rights Compliance Indicators|55
2|3.3 Administrative Justice Indicators|60
2|3.4 Formulas for Indicators in Criminal Matters Against Corruption|62
2|3.5 Prospective|64
2|3.6 Conclusion|68
2|References|68
1|4 Measuring the Rule of Law in Mexico|70
2|Abstract|70
2|4.1 Introduction|71
2|4.2 The Rule of Law|72
2|4.3 Measuring the Rule of Law|74
2|4.4 Adjusting WJP’s Definition and Measurement Approach for the Mexico States Rule of Law Index|77
2|4.5 Results|82
2|4.6 Conclusion|89
2|References|89
1|Explaining the Fragility of the Rule of Law in Mexico|91
1|5 How Many Constitutional Reforms Produce Rule of Law?|92
2|Abstract|92
2|5.1 Introduction|93
2|5.2 An Institutional Approach to the Role of the Constitution|95
2|5.3 The Distinctiveness of the Mexican Constitution|97
2|5.4 The Dynamics of the Constitutional Reform|101
2|5.5 Constitutional Change as Hyper-Reformism and Rule of Law Deficit|108
2|5.6 Conclusion|114
2|References|115
1|6 Security|117
2|Abstract|117
2|6.1 Security|118
2|6.2 Security in Mexico|119
2|6.3 Insecurity and the Rule of Law|121
3|6.3.1 Democratization|123
3|6.3.2 War on Drugs|125
2|6.4 Fiscal Disconnect|126
2|6.5 Improving Security and the Rule of Law|128
2|References|130
1|7 Human Rights and Unreliable Institutions in a Globalized World: The Case of Irregular Migrants in Mexico|133
2|Abstract|133
2|7.1 Sovereignty and Globalization: Zero-sum or Complementary?|134
2|7.2 Sovereignty and Rule of Law in an Interconnected World|136
2|7.3 Irregular Migration: The Last Bastion of State Sovereignty|137
2|7.4 Human Rights in Mexico: Between Innovation and Contradiction|139
2|7.5 Migrants in Transit Through Mexico|143
2|7.6 Asking for Directions: A Move Towards Migration Governance at the Local and Global Level|146
2|References|148
1|8 Amparo and Administrative Trials as Accountability Mechanisms in Mexico|151
2|Abstract|151
2|8.1 Introduction|151
2|8.2 Rule of Law|152
2|8.3 Accountability|153
2|8.4 Constitutional and Administrative Courts as Accountability Mechanisms|154
3|8.4.1 Administrative Courts as Accountability Mechanisms|156
3|8.4.2 Weakness and Challenges|158
3|8.4.3 The Amparo Trial as an Accountability Mechanism|159
3|8.4.4 Weakness and Challenges|161
2|8.5 Final Thoughts|162
2|References|163
1|9 Citizenry, Civic Education and Rule of Law|165
2|Abstract|165
2|9.1 Introduction|165
2|9.2 Citizenry, Rule of Law and the Principle of Fairness|167
3|9.2.1 How People Participate in Public Affairs and Cooperate in Community Life in Mexico|167
3|9.2.2 The Extent of the Principle of Fairness|170
3|9.2.3 Citizenry, Democratic Life and the Principle of Fairness|172
2|9.3 A Starting Point: Strengthen Civic Education Policy|175
2|References|181
1|10 The Challenge of Developing a New Human Rights Culture in Future Mexican Lawyers|184
2|Abstract|184
2|10.1 Introduction|184
2|10.2 Legal Education and Human Rights Culture|185
3|10.2.1 The Uncontrolled Growth of the Number of Law Schools and Their Quality|185
3|10.2.2 Teaching Law and Human Rights in Mexico|187
2|10.3 The 2011 Constitutional Amendment on Human Rights|188
3|10.3.1 The New Supremacy Clause|188
3|10.3.2 Constitutional and Conventional Review|189
3|10.3.3 Pro Persona Principle|190
2|10.4 The Challenges of Human Rights Teaching|192
3|10.4.1 From Theoretical to Practical Teaching of Human Rights|192
3|10.4.2 The Use of Different Sources of Human Rights|193
3|10.4.3 The False Dichotomy between Constitutional and International Human Rights Law|195
3|10.4.4 Encapsulation of Human Rights in the Law Degree Program|196
2|10.5 Conclusion|197
2|References|197
2|Case Law|199
1|Structural Reforms and Their Implementation Challenges|200
1|11 How Does Criminal Justice Work in Mexico?|201
2|Abstract|201
2|11.1 Context|202
2|11.2 Rule of Law and Criminal Justice System|202
2|11.3 Criminal Justice Reform: From Implementation to the Consolidation of the Criminal Justice System|204
2|11.4 How Does the Criminal Justice System in Mexico Work Today?|205
3|11.4.1 Public Policy|205
3|11.4.2 Institutional Capacities|207
3|11.4.3 Results of the Operation|209
2|11.5 Conclusions|213
2|References|213
1|12 The Monster Within: Mexico’s Anti-corruption National System|215
2|Abstract|215
2|12.1 Introduction|216
2|12.2 Nursing the Beast: Mexican Political Institutions|218
2|12.3 The System That Never Was|222
2|12.4 Final Remarks|228
2|References|229
1|13 Institutional Path Dependence in the Failure of the “War on Drugs” in Mexico|231
2|Abstract|231
2|13.1 The Informal Institutionalization of the Cacique Intermediaries|232
2|13.2 The Negotiation of the Law Through Intermediaries as a Path-Dependent Dynamic for Drug Regulation|234
2|13.3 The Flimsy Rule of Law and “Substances that Degenerate the Race”|237
2|13.4 Traffic to the United States and the Sale of Local Protections|240
2|13.5 The loss of Territorial Control by the State and the Increase in Violence|242
2|13.6 Conclusion|246
2|References|246
1|14 Reversal of Fortunes: Changes in the Public Policy Environment and Mexico’s Energy Reform|248
2|Abstract|248
2|14.1 Introduction|249
2|14.2 Theoretical Musings|251
2|14.3 The Objective of This Chapter|252
2|14.4 Case Study: Energy Reform|253
2|14.5 Domestic and International Factors of Change in the Public Policy Environment in Mexico|256
2|14.6 Winds of Change: Domestic Challenges to Energy Reform|257
3|14.6.1 The End of the Policy Consensus and Persistent Poverty and Inequality in Mexico|257
3|14.6.2 The End of the Policy Consensus and Corruption in Mexico|259
3|14.6.3 The End of the Policy Consensus: Organized Crime|261
2|14.7 Change in the International Environment|265
2|14.8 Conclusion|267
2|References|269
1|15 The Rule of Law in Economic Competition|271
2|Abstract|271
2|15.1 Introduction|271
2|15.2 Competition Law in Mexico: 1992–2013|273
3|15.2.1 The Reception of Competition Law|273
3|15.2.2 Legislative Reforms of 2006|276
3|15.2.3 Legislative Reforms of 2011|277
2|15.3 Structural Reforms in Economic Competition|279
3|15.3.1 Institutional Design|279
3|15.3.2 Scope of Powers|281
3|15.3.3 Specialization of Jurisdictional Bodies in Economic Competition|282
2|15.4 Conclusions|283
2|References|284
1|Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP)|287
2|Universidad de las Américas Puebla (UDLAP)|288
1|About the Editor|288
1|About the Co-Editor|290
1|About the Contributors|291
1|Index|296