File #2414: "2018_Book_UsesAndConsequencesOfACriminal.pdf"
Testo
1|Acknowledgements|7
1|Contents|8
1|Part I: Criminological and Penological Perspectives|10
2|1: Introduction|11
3|Bibliography|16
2|2: Mapping the Criminological and Penological Landscape|17
3|Security, Risk, and Controlling Ex-offenders|17
3|Political Governance and Ex-offenders|21
3|The Exclusion of the Criminal ‘Other’|25
3|The Convict Label|28
3|Citizenship and Belonging|31
3|Reintegration and Desistance|33
3|Legality, Rights, and Proportionality|36
3|The Perpetual Record|38
3|Bibliography|40
1|Part II: Criminal Record from Pretrial to Post Punishment|45
2|Pretrial|46
2|3: Policing the Criminal Record|47
3|Criminal Record Databases|50
3|Identity Databases|54
3|Police Powers and the Discretionary Role of Criminal Record|57
4|Stop and Search|57
4|The Power of Arrest|60
3|Targeting: The Scope for Differential Policing|73
4|International Evidence of Targeting|74
4|Targeting Practices in Ireland|78
5|Labelling and Class Bias|79
5|Targeting of ‘Suspect’ Groups|80
5|Targeting Ex-offenders|83
3|Bibliography|84
2|4: The Role of Criminal Record in Bail|89
3|Bail Law|90
3|Pretrial Detention: Rights and Regulations|100
3|Concluding Observations|105
3|Bibliography|108
1|Trial and Sentencing|111
2|5: The Criminal Record on Trial|112
3|Misconduct Evidence|113
3|Cross-Examination on Bad Character|119
4|Cross-Examination of the Accused|119
5|Losing the Shield|120
4|The Criminal Record of a Witness|123
3|The Rationale Behind Exclusion and Jury Prejudice|124
3|Observations and Conclusion|126
3|Bibliography|127
2|6: Sentencing on Criminal Record|129
3|Introducing Past Convictions into the Sentencing Framework|129
3|Statutory Enhancements for Repeat Offenders|131
3|Sentencing on Prior Record|136
4|Sentencing Policies and the Principle of Proportionality|136
4|Impact of a Criminal Record in the Sentencing Process|139
4|Relevance of Prior Convictions|148
3|Rationales of Punishment and Applicability to Sentencing Enhancements for Recidivists|151
4|Deterrence|152
4|Incapacitation|153
4|Rehabilitation|154
4|Retribution or Desert|155
3|Conclusion|156
3|Bibliography|157
1|Part III: The Aftermath of Punishment and Release|160
2|7: Post-Release Monitoring of Ex-offenders in the Community|161
3|The Nature and Development of Post-Release Monitoring|162
3|Dealing with Sex Offenders|164
4|Protecting the Public: An International Concern and the Approach in Ireland|164
4|The Irish ‘Register’|166
4|The Sex Offender Order|168
4|Supervision by the Probation Service|170
4|Seeking Employment with a Sex Offence Conviction|171
4|Disclosure of Information to the Public|173
4|Risk Assessment and Management of Sex Offenders|177
3|Post-Release Provisions Under the Criminal Justice Act 2007|179
4|The Monitoring Order|182
4|The Protection of Persons Order|183
4|Implementation and Effectiveness|184
3|Drug Trafficking Offenders|185
4|The Irish Register|186
4|Post-Release Orders Under the Criminal Justice (Amendment) Act 2009|189
4|Widening the ‘Carceral Archipelago’|190
3|Punitive Effect|191
3|A Holistic Approach to Post-Release Monitoring|197
3|Bibliography|200
2|8: Collateral Consequences of a Conviction and Circuits of Exclusion|204
3|Accessing Employment with a Conviction|207
4|Prisoner Profiles and Support Services|209
4|Disclosure of a Criminal Record and Employer Discrimination|214
4|Spent Conviction Schemes|219
4|The Value of Employment for Ex-offenders and Society|224
3|Access to Housing|227
3|Travel|231
4|Travelling Abroad|232
4|Entering the State|236
3|Miscellaneous|237
4|Public Service and Jury Membership|237
4|Insurance|239
4|Character Evidence in Civil Proceedings|242
4|Guardianship and Care of Children|245
4|Applying for Licences|246
3|Concluding Observations|250
3|Bibliography|251
2|9: Conclusion|257
3|An International Criminal Records Database|257
3|The Eternal Record|261
3|Bibliography|267
1|Bibliography|269
1|Index|292
1|Contents|8
1|Part I: Criminological and Penological Perspectives|10
2|1: Introduction|11
3|Bibliography|16
2|2: Mapping the Criminological and Penological Landscape|17
3|Security, Risk, and Controlling Ex-offenders|17
3|Political Governance and Ex-offenders|21
3|The Exclusion of the Criminal ‘Other’|25
3|The Convict Label|28
3|Citizenship and Belonging|31
3|Reintegration and Desistance|33
3|Legality, Rights, and Proportionality|36
3|The Perpetual Record|38
3|Bibliography|40
1|Part II: Criminal Record from Pretrial to Post Punishment|45
2|Pretrial|46
2|3: Policing the Criminal Record|47
3|Criminal Record Databases|50
3|Identity Databases|54
3|Police Powers and the Discretionary Role of Criminal Record|57
4|Stop and Search|57
4|The Power of Arrest|60
3|Targeting: The Scope for Differential Policing|73
4|International Evidence of Targeting|74
4|Targeting Practices in Ireland|78
5|Labelling and Class Bias|79
5|Targeting of ‘Suspect’ Groups|80
5|Targeting Ex-offenders|83
3|Bibliography|84
2|4: The Role of Criminal Record in Bail|89
3|Bail Law|90
3|Pretrial Detention: Rights and Regulations|100
3|Concluding Observations|105
3|Bibliography|108
1|Trial and Sentencing|111
2|5: The Criminal Record on Trial|112
3|Misconduct Evidence|113
3|Cross-Examination on Bad Character|119
4|Cross-Examination of the Accused|119
5|Losing the Shield|120
4|The Criminal Record of a Witness|123
3|The Rationale Behind Exclusion and Jury Prejudice|124
3|Observations and Conclusion|126
3|Bibliography|127
2|6: Sentencing on Criminal Record|129
3|Introducing Past Convictions into the Sentencing Framework|129
3|Statutory Enhancements for Repeat Offenders|131
3|Sentencing on Prior Record|136
4|Sentencing Policies and the Principle of Proportionality|136
4|Impact of a Criminal Record in the Sentencing Process|139
4|Relevance of Prior Convictions|148
3|Rationales of Punishment and Applicability to Sentencing Enhancements for Recidivists|151
4|Deterrence|152
4|Incapacitation|153
4|Rehabilitation|154
4|Retribution or Desert|155
3|Conclusion|156
3|Bibliography|157
1|Part III: The Aftermath of Punishment and Release|160
2|7: Post-Release Monitoring of Ex-offenders in the Community|161
3|The Nature and Development of Post-Release Monitoring|162
3|Dealing with Sex Offenders|164
4|Protecting the Public: An International Concern and the Approach in Ireland|164
4|The Irish ‘Register’|166
4|The Sex Offender Order|168
4|Supervision by the Probation Service|170
4|Seeking Employment with a Sex Offence Conviction|171
4|Disclosure of Information to the Public|173
4|Risk Assessment and Management of Sex Offenders|177
3|Post-Release Provisions Under the Criminal Justice Act 2007|179
4|The Monitoring Order|182
4|The Protection of Persons Order|183
4|Implementation and Effectiveness|184
3|Drug Trafficking Offenders|185
4|The Irish Register|186
4|Post-Release Orders Under the Criminal Justice (Amendment) Act 2009|189
4|Widening the ‘Carceral Archipelago’|190
3|Punitive Effect|191
3|A Holistic Approach to Post-Release Monitoring|197
3|Bibliography|200
2|8: Collateral Consequences of a Conviction and Circuits of Exclusion|204
3|Accessing Employment with a Conviction|207
4|Prisoner Profiles and Support Services|209
4|Disclosure of a Criminal Record and Employer Discrimination|214
4|Spent Conviction Schemes|219
4|The Value of Employment for Ex-offenders and Society|224
3|Access to Housing|227
3|Travel|231
4|Travelling Abroad|232
4|Entering the State|236
3|Miscellaneous|237
4|Public Service and Jury Membership|237
4|Insurance|239
4|Character Evidence in Civil Proceedings|242
4|Guardianship and Care of Children|245
4|Applying for Licences|246
3|Concluding Observations|250
3|Bibliography|251
2|9: Conclusion|257
3|An International Criminal Records Database|257
3|The Eternal Record|261
3|Bibliography|267
1|Bibliography|269
1|Index|292